Eddagala ly’okugema eryagezeseddwa mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc teryasobodde kuziyiza kawuka ka Siriimu

*Powerpoint slides presented at AIDS 2024 here*

Under Embargo for Tuesday 23 July 2024

09:00 BST / 10:00 CEST / 11:00 SAST & CAT / 12:00 EAT

Eddagala ly’okugema eryagezeseddwa mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc teryasobodde kuziyiza kawuka ka Siriimu.

Ebyavudde mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc okw’okugezesa eddagala ly’okugema akawuka ka Siriimu okwakolebwa mu buvanjuba n’amasereengeta ga Afirika, kwakolebwa wakati 2020 ne 2024, byalaze nti ku bika by’eddagala ebibiri eryaggezesebwa, tekuli kyasobodde kuziyiza kukwatibwa kawuka ka Siriimu. 

Okuwa abantu obuyiso mu kunoonyereza kwayimirizibwa mu Museenene (Ogw’ekkumi n’ogumu) 2023 ate ne nekirangirirwa mu Nteenvu (Ogw’ekumi n’ebiri) 2023, bwe kyazuulibwa abakugu abalondoola okunoonyereza nti tewali mukisa gwa ddagala lyali ligezesebwa kuziyiza muntu kukwatibwa kawuka ka Siriimu. 

Ebivudde mu kunoonyereza ebirangiriddwa leero (23 Ogw’omusaanvu 2023) mu lukungana lw’ensi yonna mu kibuga Munich e Bugirimaani (Germany) biraze nti omuwendo gw’abantu abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bibinja ebyali bifuna eddagala erigezesebwa gwali gusinga ku gw’abo abaafuna ekyo omutali ddagala. Wabula, abanoonyereza tebasobola kukola kusalawo kwankomeledde ku kino, kubanga ebimu ku bisanyizo eby’etaagisa (confidence intervals) zali ngazi, nga tekisobozesa kufuna eky’enkomeledde. Abanoonyereza era balaze nti omuwendo gw’abo abaafuna akawuka mu kibinja ekyafuna eddagala omutali kirungo mutono okusinga kukyandisuubiddwa era kino tekisobola kunnyonnyolwa nga twesigama ku njawulo mu nkozesa y’obupiira bu galimpitawa n’eddagala lya PrEP.

Okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc kukyali mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo ku nsonga eno n’abakugu munsi yonna, ku ngeri omubiri gye kukolaganamu n’eddagala okw’ongera okutegeera n’okunnyonnyola ekyavaako embeera eno. 

Mu South Afirika, Tanzania ne Uganda -amawanga okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc gye kwakolerebwa, ekitongole ky’ensi yonna ekivunaanyizibwa okulwanyisa akawuka ka Siriimu (UNAIDS) kyalaga nti mu mwaka gwa 2022, abantu obukadde 10.7 munsi yonna baalina akawuka ka Siliimu. Ate mu mwaka ogwo gwokka, abantu abakulu n’abato 244,000 be bakeberebwa ne basangibwa nga bakwatiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu.  

Okutuusa abeetaba mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc lwe bamalako okunoonyereza, kuno kwe kunoonyereza kwokka munsi yonna okwali kugezesa okulaba oba eddagala erigezesebwa lyali lisobola okuziyiza omuntu okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu. Wetwogerera, tewali kunoonyereza kwa mutendera nga guno kukolebwa oba kuteekatekebwa kukolebwa.

PrEPVacc, kwe kunoonyereza kw’omutendera gw’okugezesa okuzuula oba eddagala ly’okugema akawuka ka Siriimu likola okukyasoose okukolebwa mu mawanga ga Buvanjuba bwa Afirika (East Africa Countries).   

PrEPVacc kunoonyereza okwakoleddwa nga kukulemebeddwa abakugu okuva mu Afirika nga bayambibwako bakugu bannabwe okuva ku lukalu lwa Bulaya. PrEPVacc kunoonyereza kumu okwalimu okugezesa kwa mirundi esatu ag’okuziyiza akawuka ka Siriimu ku kiseera kye kimu.  . PrEPVacc kwali ku mutendera gwa IIb, okwagezesa okuzuula oba eddagala ly’ebika ebibiri (nga mu buli kika mulimu eddagala erigattiddwa awamu), lyali lisobola okuziyiza omuntu obutakwatibwa kawuka ka Siriimu mu bantu abali mu mbeera eyinza okubassa mu buzibu bw’okukafuna.

Mu kiseera abeetaba mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc mwe baafunira obuyiso obusatu obusooka, enkola ya PrEP ow’empeke empya yali egerageranyizibwa n’eyo eyaliwo okulaba oba nayo yali ekola bulungi mu kuziyiza omuntu okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu. Ebinaava mukunoonyereza mu kitundu kya PrEPVacc ku PrEP byawufu ku bividde mu kugezesa eddagala era byo bijja kulangirirwa gye bujjako mu 2024. 

Engeri okunoonyereza gye kwakolebwamu mu bufunze.

Ku bitebe byonna ebina: e Masaka mu Uganda, e Mbeya ne Dar es Salaam mu Tanzania ate ne Durban mu South Afirika, abantu 1512, abaali wakati w’emyaka 18-40, abakeberebwa ne basangibwa nga balamu bulungi, ate nga byebategeeza abasawo ku neyisa mu bulamu bwabwe byali bisobola okubassa mu buzibu bw’okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu be beetaba mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc.  Masaka ne Durban bafuna abakyala n’abaami, ate Mbeya ne Dar es Salaam bo bafuna bakyala bokka. Ku bitebe byonna okutwalira awamu, abaami abeetabamu bali ebitundu 13% ate abakyala ebitundu 87%.  

PrEPVacc kwagezesa ebika by’eddagala bibiri nga buli kimu kirimu eddagala erigattiddwa awamu, bino byali bigerageranyizibwa n’ekyo omutaali ddagla (amazzi omutali ddagala ng’ago agatekebwa ku muntu mu ddwaliro) ekimanyiddwa nga “Placebo” mu lulimi ly’okunoonyereza. Abantu batekebwanga mu bibinja bisatu mu nkola eyakalulu etaliimu kyekubiira.   Ekibinja ekimu kyafunanga eddagala erya DNA vaccine (DNA-HIV-PT123) nga ligatiddwamu ery’ ekirungo kya puloteyini erya AIDSVAX B/E, ekika ekirala kyalimu eryo erya DNA (MVA-CMDR) nga ligattiddwako ery’esigamiziddwa ku kirungo kya puloteyini (CN54gp140).

Enteekateeka yalimu omuntu okufuna obuyiso buna ku nkyala nga bwe zaali zitegekeddwa, obusatu obusooka mu bbanga lya myezi nga 6 ate ddoozi ey’okuna ku wiiki 48 (omwaka gumu) okuva ku kayiso akasooka mu kunoonyereza.  

Abeetabamu bonna bawebwa okulungamizibwa ku migaso gy’okumira empeke za PrEP ebbanga ly’okunoonyereza lyonna.

Okuva ku lunaku omuntu kwe yafuniranga ddoozi esooka, okutuusa ku wiiki biri oluvanyuma lwa ddoozi y’obuyiso ey’okusatu, PrEP yali awebwa kuli kitebe ky’okunoonyereza. Oluvanyuma lw’ebbanga lino, omuntu yaweerezebwanga eyo gy’asobola okumufuna mu kitundu gy’ava. Buli yetabyemu yafunanga okulungamizibwa ku kwetaangira akawuka ka Siriimu ate n’engeri y’okumira empeke za PrEP n’okukozesa enkola z’okwetaangira okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu endala.

Abanoonyereza bakola era ne bamaliriza bulungi okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc nga batuukiriza byonna eby’etaagisa, bakolagana bulungi nnyo n’abantu abatali bamu okunoonyereza gye kwakolebwa n’awalala ate era bakola n’okunoonyereza kw’okufuna endowooza n’embeera z’abantu.

Abanoonyereza basanga okusoomozebwa okufuna n’okuyingiza abantu mu kunoonyereza mu biseera by’ekirwadde kya COVID-19 ate n’okufuna erimu ku ddagala lya MVA eryali ligezesebwa. Kino kyasalirwa amagezi okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc bwe kwakyusa enteekateeka ne kuva ku kussa abantu mu bibinja ebisatu ebya DNA/AIDSVAX B/E, DNA/MVA-CMDR/CN54gp140 ne placebo ne kudda ku bibinja bibiri ebya DNA/AIDSVAX B/E ne placebo. Ekibinja ky’eddagala lya MVACMDR/CN54gp140- kwayimirizibwa ku bitebe byonna mu Gw’omukaaga 2022.

Okwekkenenya oba eddagala lyali lisobola okuziyiza omuntu obutakwatibwa kawuka ka Siriimu kyakolebwa mu ngeri ewa omukisa eddagala okulaga oba likola. Kino kyakolebwa ku byalabibwa mw’abo  bokka abafuna ddoozi z’obuyiso bw’eddagala oba ekyo omutaali busatu oba okusingawo. Kuba kino kye kiseera mwe kyali kisuubirirwa okuba nti eddagala bwe liba lya kukola, liba lituuse ku ntikko yalyo.

Omuwendo gw’abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu nga bafuna eddagala erigezesebwa gwali mutono

Mu kwekkenenya ebyava mu kugezesa eddagala biraga nti mu bantu abafuna wakiri ddoozi 3 ez’eddagala lya DNA/AIDSVAX B/E, abantu 11 ku 532 bokka bebaakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu.  Kino kitegeza nti akawuka kakwata abantu 1.73% bwe balondoolebwa ebbanga lya mwaka mulamba bw’ogerageranya n’abantu 3 bokka ku 523 abafuna ekyo omutaali ddagala. Kino kitegeeza nti akawuka  mu kibinja kino kaali kakwata abantu 0.48% buli mwaka. 

Mu kwekkenenya ebyava mu kugezesa eddagala biraga nti, mu bantu abafuna wakiri ddoozi 3 ez’eddagala lya MVA-CMDR/CN54gp140, abantu 9 ku 244 be bakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu (2.38%) mu mwaka. Ate mw’abo abafuna ekyo omutali baali 2 ku bantu 251 (0.51%)

Ebivudde mu kunoonyereza bino bitegeezza nti, ku bika by’eddagala ebibiri tekuli kyasobola kuziyiza muntu kukwatibwa kawuka ka Siriimu. Naye wetwogerera, abanoonyereza tebasobola kuwa  kya nkomeredde ku ki kye kitegeeza okuba nti omuwendo gw’abantu abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bibinja ebyali ku ddagala gusingako kw’ogwo ogw’abo abafuna ekyo omutaali ddagala.  

Nga tetunafulumya kiwandiiko kino, ttiimu z’abakozi ba PrEPVacc batandise okukubaganya ebirowoozo ku bivudde mu kunoonyereza n’abantu abeetaba mu kunoonyereza n’abantu abalala abawagidde omulimu guno. Ate bajja kutegeeza buli muntu eyetabamu oba yafuna eddagala oba ekyo omutaali ddagala.  

Tetunafuna kya nkomeredde ku kuba nti omuwendo gw’abantu abaakwatibwa akawuka ka Siliimu mu kibinja eky’edaggala gwali wagguluko

Okuva ku kunoonyereza kw’okuteekateekera PrEPVacc, okwalimu okukebera n’okulondoola abantu abali mu mbeera y’emu n’abo abeetaba mu PrEPVacc, okwakolebwa wakati wa 2018-2023, abantu 2.9% be baakwatibwa akawuka oluvanyuma lw’okulondoolebwa ebbanga lya mwaka.  Abanoonyereza ku PrEPVacc bandisuubidde okulaba ensaasaana y’akawuka y’emu mu bantu abaali mu kibinja ekyafuna ekyo omutaali ddagala.

Naye ekirabiddwa mu kibinja ekyafuna obuyiso omutaali ddagala kiraze nti abantu 0.48% ne 0.51% buli mwaka be bakwatiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bibinja bino. Omuwendo guno guli wansi kw’ogwo ogwali gusuubirwa era kino kiretawo okwetaaga okwongera okwetegereza.

M kugerageranya, ebyava mu kunoonyereza kwa PURPOSE1, okwali ku nkola za PrEP ow’empeke n’ow’empiso okwakolebwa ku bitebe 3 mu Uganda ate n’ebitebe 25 mu South Afirika, kwalaga nti abantu 16 ku 1,068 mu kibinja ekyali ku mpeke za Truvada be baakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu (abantu 1.69% mu mwaka), Ate mu kibinja ekyali ku mpeke eya Descovy abantu 39 ku 2,136 be bakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu (abantu 2.02% mu mwaka). Ebyava mu kunoonyereza kwa PURPOSE 1 bifaananako n’ebyo ebyali bisuubirwa mu bibinja by’abantu abafuna ekyo omutaali ddagala mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc.

Newankubadde nga abanoonyereza amawulire g’okuba nti abantu okukwatibwa akawuka ka Sirliimu mu kunoonyereza kwali wansi-nga bwe kyali mu kunoonyereza okw’okuteekateekera PrEPVacc. Kino kitegeeza nti ebivudde mu kunoonyereza ku ddagala ly’okugema mu PrEPVacc bikyetaaga okwongera okwetegerezebwa.

Abanoonyereza tebasobola kunnyonyola kimala kati ku muwendo gw’abantu abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bantu abafuna ekitaalimu ddagala okuba nga guli wansi bw’ogerageranya n’abo abali ku ddagala erigezesebwa. Naye bamaze okukakasa nti tewaliwo nsobi yonna mu kussengejja ebyaafunibwa mu kunoonyereza ate n’okuba nti tewaliwo njawulo mu kumira empeke za prEP, okukozesa kondomu oba eneyisa etteeka omuntu mu buzibu bw’okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu  mu bibinja byonna.

Okulaga nti eddagala eryagezesebwa mu PrEPVacc teririna bulabe eri omuntu

Eddagala eryagezesebwa mu PrEPVacc nga ligatiddwako ebika ebirala, lyali lyagezesebwako mu kunoonyereza okuwerako ku mutendera ogusooka n’ogw’okubiri (Phase I/II mu America, Bulaya ne Afirika. Lyalaga bulungi nti teririna bulabe eri omuntu ate lyalina obusobozi mu kuyamba omubiri okukola abaserikale. Tekisobokera ddala muntu kufuna kawuka ka Siriimu nga kava ku ddagala eryagezesebwa mu kunoonyereza kuno.

Buli mwezi, abakugu ku lukiiko olulondoola ebikwata ku kulaba oba eddagala lirina obulabe bwe lireeta (Trial Safety Group), bekkenennyanga ebikwata ku ddagala emirundi ebiri buli mwezi. Balaba ebiba bibaddewo, n’obuzibu obuva ku ddagala obuyinza okuba nga butuuse ku beetabye mu kunoonyereza. Olukiiko ly’abakugu luno, terulina nsonga yonna eraga nti eddagala lirina obulabe eri abantu abaalifuna mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc. 

Abeetaba mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc bajja kusigala nga bawebwa okulungamizibwa n’okukeberebwa

Nga okunoonyereza kugenda mu maaso, okulungamizibwa n’okuwebwa PrEP byassibwako nnyo essira ku buli muntu lye yajjanga ku buli lukyala mu kunoonyereza ate n’alondoolebwa okulaba oba abigoberera mu nkozesa. Abeetabamu bonna bamazeyo ebbanga ly’okubeera mu kunoonyereza. Era bawereddwa okulungamizibwa ku nkola endala ez’okwetaangira akawuka ka Siriimu ezimanyiddwa nti zikola bulungi. Okugenda mu maaso nga bakeberebwa kijja kukolebwa ku bitebe by’okunoonyereza. Abanoonyereza bajja kugenda mu maaso nga bakubiriza abantu okukozesa enkola ya PrEP ate n’okuwereza abo abasangibwa nga bakwatiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu eyo gye basobola okufuna obujjanjabi. 

Ku nkomerero y’okunoonyereza, kimu kya kuna ku bantu abeetabamu abaafuna eddagala erigezesebwa, baalaga nti balina embeera y’okukeberebwa mu nkola eya bulijjo n’ekiraga nti balina akawuka ka Siriimu naye nga mu butuufu tebakalina. Kino kiva ku kuba nti emibiri gyabwe gyakola abaserikale nga kiva ku ddagala eryali ligezesebwa. Embeera eno emanyiddwa nga Vaccine-Induced Sero-Positivity (VISP) mu Luzungu. Embeera y’okuba ne VISP ereetebwa okuba nti omubiri gukola abaserikale abalwanyisa endwadde eba egemeddwa oluvanyuma ly’okufuna eddagala ly’okugema. Okukebera akawuka ka Siriimu okukolebwa nga embeera eno emaze okubaawo, kuyinza okulaga nti omuntu alina akawuka ka Siriimu ne bw’aba nga mu butuufu takalina.

PrEPVacc emaze okukola entegeka okuwa okukeberebwa eri abantu bonna abeetaba mu kunoonyereza abalina embeera ya VISP. Kino kijja kukolebwa nga beyambisa enkebera essaanidde ewa ekituufu ku muntu bwayimiridde. Kino kijja kukolebwa nga omuntu alina embeera ya VISP akeberebwa akawuka ka Siriimu emirundi ebiri buli mwaka okumala ebbanga lya wakiri myaka ebiri. Abo abanaasangibwa nga ddala bakwatiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu, bajja kuyambibwa okuwerezebwa gye basobola okufuna obujjanjabi, ate abatakalina bajja kulungamizibwa n’okukubirizibwa okukozesa PrEP n’enkola endala ez’okwetaangira akawuka ka Siriimu.

Ebiva mu bakulembedde okunoonyereza, abantu ba bulijjo ate n’abakugu abeetengeredde.

Dayirekita w’okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc, Dr Eugene Ruzagira, atuula ku MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit mu Uganda, era nga ye yayanjulidde ensi yonna ebyavudde mu kunoonyereza mu lukungana lw’ensi yonna ku kawuka ka Siriimu olwa leero (23 July 2024), yagambye bwati: 

“Ebbanga ly’okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc lyonna, twakulembeza obulamu n’eddembe ly’abeetabyemu ate n’abantu bonna mu bitundu gye bava nga tukola kyonna ekisoboka okulaba nti tebafuna bulabe nnaakamu. Twalekeraawo okugezesa eddagala mu mwezi Ogw’ekkumi n’ogumu 2023, amangu ddala nga tufunye obukakafu nti eddagala teriraga nti lirina omukisa gwonna okuziyiza omuntu okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu. Tujja kugenda mu maaso nga tuyamba abantu abeetaba mu kunoonyereza nga tubalungamya, okubakebera ate n’okubatuusaako ebiyamba okuziyiza okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu ate n’obujanjabi eri ababwetaaga.

“Obunyikivu bw’abantu baffe abeetabyemu kyakulabirako eri ensi yonna. Abeetabyemu ate n’abantu mu bitundu gye babeera basaanidde okwenyumiriza mu maanyi gebataddemu ate n’ekyo kye bagasse ku kawefube w’ensi yonna mu kulwanyisa akawuka ka Siriimu.

“Ekirungi eri abantu baffe kiri nti okufunanga okulungamizibwa okw’omuddiringanwa ku nkola z’okukendeeza embeera eyinza okuviirako omuntu okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu ate n’okweyambisa enkola eziziyiza kiyamba abantu okukendeeza ku katyabaga k’okukwatibwa mu bitundu gye babeera”.

“Twenyumiriza mu kyetutuusseko mu kuwa obusobozi eri abakozi baffe nga tuyita mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc ekitusobozesezza okwetaba mu kukolera wamu mu kwegatta kwa BRILLIANT (BRILLIANT consortium). Omugendo guno gujja kuzimbira ku bumanyirivu bw’abakulembbedde okunoonyereza okuva mu Afirika mu PrEPVacc. 

“Tulindiridde ebinaava mu kitundu ky’okunoonyereza ekikwata ku mbeera n’okwogeragnya n’abantu n’ebyo ebinaava mu kunoonyereza ku PrEP ebinaatutegezebwa gye bujja mu mwaka guno”.

Professor Sheena McCormack, akulidde PrEPVacc atuula ku kitebe kya Medical Research Council clinical trials unit ku University College London, UK, yagambye bwati:

“Bulijjo ogenda mu kunoonyereza kw’okugezesa eddagala nga olina ekibuuzo ky’oyagala kiddibwemu ate nga n’omutima ogukkiriza kyonna ekiba kivuddemu. Naye bwendabye ku abantu abakwattiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bantu abafuna eddagala bw’ogerageranya n’abo abafuna ekyo omutali ddagala kyewunyisa ate tetunasobola kukinnyonnyola. Tulowooza nti kino kyabaawo mu mbeera ya mukisa bukisa naye kiyinza okuba nga kisobola okuba ekituufu ddala. N’olw’ekyo, tulina okusigala nga tulungamya abantu abeetaba mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc n’okubawa okulungamizibwa n’okukeberebwa okulaba ebintu nga bwe bigenda.

“Omuwendo gw’abantu abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu nga okunoonyereza kugenda mu maaso gwali wansi kw’ogwo ogwali gusuubirwa. Gano mawulire malungi era kansuubire nti kino kigyayo ekifaananyi ky’embeera eri mu bantu bonna mu bitundu gye bawangalira. Twalaba okukendeera kw’omuwendo gw’abantu abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu kunoonyereza kw’okuteekateeka PrEPVacc okwakolebwa okuva 2018. Wadde kyali bwekityo, naye omuwendo gw’abantu abaali mu kibinja ekyafuna obuyiso omutaali ddagala gwali wansi ku kyali kisuubirwa. Kino kirina kye kitegeeza ku bivudde mu kunoonyereza kw’eddagala eryagezesebwa, ate era kituwa obutaba na kyankomeredde mu kugeerageranya”  

Akulidde okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc, Professor Pontiano Kaleebu, at atuula ku  ku kitebe kya MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit mu Uganda, yagambye bwati:

“Ebibuuzo ku ddagala eryagezesebwa mu kunoonyereza kyaddiddwamu. Kati tukimanyi bulungi nti eddagala lino terisobola kw’ongezebwayo. 

“Twetaaga okwongera okwetegereza ku ngeri eddagala gye ly’akolaganamu n’emibiri gy’abantu okwongera okutegeera ebivudde mu kunoonyereza. Kino kiyinza okutuyamba okulongoosa mu nteekateeka y’okunoonyereza ku ddagala ly’okugema gye bujja.

“Ebivudde mu kunoonyereza byewunyisa, era bimalamu amaanyi. Naye ssaayansi bwatyo. Kubadde kunoonyereza kulungi ddala, kugoberedde bulungi omutindo ogusinga okuba ogw’eowaggulu munsi yonna. Kati tulina okusituka ne tugenda mu maaso n’okunoonyereza kuba ensi yonna eky’etaaga okwongera ku bintu ebiyinza okuyamba mu kulwanyisa akawuka ka Siriimu. Eddagala erigema kyakulwanyisa kya maanyi nnyo era kikyetaagibwa mu birina okukozesebwa okukomya okusaasaana kw’akawuka ka Siriimu”

Professor Jonathan Weber owa Imperial College London, UK, abawayo obuyambi vunanyizibwa ku PrEPVacc mu byonna, yagambye bwati:

 “Ebbanga ly’okunoonyereza lyonna, kibadde kituwa amaanyi okulaba nga omuwendo gw’abantu abakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu gubadde gukendeera mu bitundu byonna gye tubadde tukolagana n’abantu okukola omulimu guno. Okunoonyereza kwaffe kwategekebwa bulungi, era kwalimu abantu batono ate nga omwendo gw’abantu abakwatiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu nga bali mu kunoonyereza ne bwe guba omutono ennyo, kitusobozesa okuddamu ekibuuzo oba eddagala likola oba nedda.

“Nebaza abakozi b’ebitongole ku buli kitebe, abakoze obunyikivu okulaba nti okunoonyereza kuno kukolebwa era ne kumalirizibwa bulungi. Twebaza nnyo, abantu abeetabyemu olw’okujjumbira okulwanyisa akawuka ka Siriiimu obutakoowa. Ate n’abantu bonna abatuwagidde, nga batuwabulanga bulijjo ebbanga ly’okunoonyereza lyonna. Neebaza ebitongole ebikulira n’okulambika okunoonyereza munsi Uganda, Tanzania ne South Africa ewabadde ebitebe ebiddukanya omulimu guno. Ate n’ebitongole by’obulamu mu nsi yonna olw’otulungamyanga ate n’okutuwagira ebbanga ly’okunonyereza lyonna”

“Newankubadde nga kyalabise bulungi nti eddagala eryagezeseddwa teryasobodde kuziyiza kawuka ka Siriimu, twesanze nga tulina okunnyonnyola lwaki omuwendo gw’abantu abaakwatiddwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bantu abaafuna ekyo omutaali ddagala gwali wansi nnyo okusinga kw’ekyo kye twalaba mu kunoonyereza kw’okuteekateeka PrEVacc. Twetaaga okwongera okukola okwekkennenya okutegeera lwaki ebyavudde mu kunoonyereza byabadde bwe bityo ne bwekiba nga kino tikyavudde ku kuba nti bwekyabadde kirina okubawo olw’omukisa obukisa.”

Xoliswa Nomvungu, atuula ku lukiiko oluwabuzi (Community Advisory Board) ku kitebe kya SAMRC Verulam site, mu Durban, South Africa, yagambye bwati:

“Okunoonyereza kwakiraze bulungi nti okukolagana ate n’okulaba nti abantu benyigira mu mitendera gyonna kikulu nnyo ku mitetendera gy’okugezesa eddagala gyonna. Mu PrEPVacc abanoonyereza bakolaganye bulungi n’abantu bonna nebateegera, ebibadde bigenda mu maaso bulijjo, ebisuubirwa ate n’obwerufu mu byonna. Ffenna kye tulina okumanya kiri nti,  kikulu nnyo okukozesa enkola ya PrEP okwetangira okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu” 

Dr Peter Gilbert, mukulu mu kitongole ekikwanganya okunoonyereza ku ddagala ly’okugema akawuka ka Siriimu-mu ttabi ly’eby’emiwendo.   Yetengeredde era tabadde omu ku banoonyereza mu PrEPVacc yagambye bwati:

 “Okusinziira ku bivudde mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc, ebiraze nti omuwendo gw’abantu abaakwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu mu bantu abafuna eddagala gwali wagguluko bw’obageraganya kw’abo abaafuna ekyo omutaali ddagala, kikulu nyo okwogera okuteeka ku minzaani ebyetaagisa okufuna eky’enkomeredde oba eddagala ery’okugema ly’ayongera ku buzibu mw’omuntu okuba mu katyabaga k’okukwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu oba kino kye tulabye kyajja buzzi naye nga eddagala ssi lyeryakireeta era nga terririna buzibu bwonna.

“Enkola y’okuvvuunula ebivudde mu kunoonyereza kwa sayaansi nga tweyambisa emiwendo egiraga enjawulo (p-values) si kya nkomeredde ku nsonga ng’eno, kubanga tetusobola ku bitegeera nga tubuuza ekibuzo nga kino: Kisoboka okuba nti wayinza okubaawo embeera nti  eddagala lyaleeta engeri yonna erinyisa obuzibu  omuntu okufuna akawuka ka Siriimu?.

“Okwongera okutegeera ebiva mu kibuuzo ekyo waggulu, nneyambisa enkola y’okubala mu  sayaansi okuyitibwa “Bayesian analysis”. Enkola eno nali ngyeyambisizaako okwekkenenya ebivudde mu kugezesa eddagala ly’okugema akawuka ka Siriimu okulala. Ebyava mu kweyambisa enkola eno kyalaga nti mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc, wankyayinza okubawo embeera nga eyalabibwa mu kunoonyereza okulala mwe kyalabibwa nti eddagala eryagezesebwa lyalaga nti wankyayinza okubaawo embeera ya 50—50 nti eddagala likyayinza okwongera ku bubuzibu bw’omuntu okuba mu katyabaga k’okuwatibwa akawuka ka Siriimu newankubadde nga addagaa lizuuliddwa nga teririna bulabe eri omuntu.”

Mu bufunze:

Ebivudde mu kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc si bya bulijjo ate bireeta ebibuuzo ebyetaaga okuddibwamu. Newankbadde ebiva mu kwekkenenya ebivudde mu kunoonyereza nga tweyambisa emiwendo mu ssaayansi, biwa endowooza ku bulungi bw’eddagala eryagezesebwa, wakyaliwo bingi ebyetaaga okwongera okwetegerezebwa. Twetaaga okwongera okukola okunoonyereza okuzuula lwaki eddagala teryakola nga bwe kyali kisuubirwa.

Ebikulu ku kunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc:  

• PrEPVacc kunoonyereza okukulembeddwa abakugu mu Afirika nga kuwagiddwa n’obuyambi okuva e Bulaya, okusookedde ddala okugezesa ebika by’eddagala ly’okugema akawuka ka Siriimu ate nga kino kikolebwa mu kiseera kye kimu n’okugerageranya enkola za PrEP.

• PrEPVacc kwetabibwamu abantu abali wakati w’emyaka 18-40 abassukka mu 1500 ku bitebe by’okunoonyereza 4 mu Uganda, Tanzania ne South Africa.

• Okwetegekera okunoonereza kwa PrEPVacc kwakulemeberwa okufuna abantu abaalina ebyo ebyali byetaagisa ne baloondolwa. Kino kyatandika mu mwezi gw’Omusaanvu 2018. 

• Omuntu eyasooka okuyingizibwa mu PrEPVacc yali wa mu Gw’ekkumi n’ebiri 2020 ate eyasembayo yali mu Gw’okusatu 2023. Abeetabyemu bonna baali bamaze okulondolwa mu kunoonyereza we twatuukira mu mwezi Og’omukaaga 2024. 

• Mu Mwezi Ogw’ekumi n’ogumu 2023, olukiiko olulondoola okunoonyereza we lyagambira nti okuwa abantu obuyiso kuyimirizibwe, PrEPVacc kwe kunoonyereza kwokka okwali kugesesa eddagala ku mutendera ogwa IIb munsi yonna.   

• Ekimu ku nteekateeka ya PrEPVacc kwali kwongera bukugu mu bannasayansi mu Afrika ku bitebe okunoonyereza gye kwakolebwa, basobole okukola okunoonyereza kw’okugezesa eddagala okulala kwonna ate n’okutendeka abakulembeze mu kunoonyereza ab,ebiseera eby’omumaaso.

• PrEPVacc kukulembeddwa abakugu ba Afirika mu kunoonyereza okuva mu kitongole kya MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe-Uganda. Bayambibwako ebitongole bye bakolagana nabyo 15. Ku bino, 6 bya mu Afirika, 6 by’e Bulaya ate 3 bya mu America.  Ssetendekero wa Imperial College London be babadde bavunanyizibwa ku byonna ebikwata ku kunoonyereza.

• Ebitongole bya Bulaya (EDCTP) nga bikolaganira wamu n’omukago gw’okukola okunoonyereza kw’okugezesa eddagala mu mawanga agakyakulakulana bye biwaddeyo ensimbi eri PrEPVacc. Olukalala lwa bonna abawadde obuyambi lusange ku notisi nnamba 3.

Nga okuyingiza abantu mu kunoonyereza kugenda mu maaso, video eyambako okunnyonnyola ebikwata ku kunoonyereza yakolebwa era n’eyeyambisibwa okwongera okunnyonnyola abeetabyemu n’abantu abalala. Vidiyo eno esangibwa ku mutimbagano guno:  https://youtu.be/zHYC6SKKobc

Omutimbagano gw’okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc gwe:  www.prepvacc.org

Bw’oba olina by’oyagala okwongera okumanya, mwattu tuukirira:

• Tom Miller, PrEPVacc Communications and Dissemination Lead, prepvacc@gmail.com

Masaka, Uganda

• Benson Muhumuza, Communications and Engagement Officer, MRC/UVRI and LSTM Uganda Research Unit, benson.muhumuza@mrcuganda.org / communications@mrcuganda.org

Mbeya, Tanzania

• Doreen Pamba, Head of Social Science and Community Engagement, NIMR-Mbeya Medical Research Centre, dpamba@nimr-mmrc.org

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

• Helen Mtui, Acting Head, Communication and Marketing Unit, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), hmtui@muhas.ac.tz

Durban, South Africa

• Tendani Tsedu, Head of Corporate and Marketing Communications, South African Medical Research Council, tendani.tsedu@mrc.ac.za

• Yolanda Phakela, PR Manager, South African Medical Research Council, yolanda.phakela@mrc.ac.za

Notes to Editors

(1) Oral abstract presentation at AIDS 2024: OAC08 Final vaccine efficacy results from PrEPVacc: A phase IIb HIV prophylactic vaccine trial of two active regimens each compared to placebo Eugene Ruzagira | 23 July 2024 | 16:30-17:30 | Hall B0a/Channel 4

(https://programme.aids2024.org/Programme/Session/207)

(2) Abakolaganye n’okunoonyereza kwa  PrEPVacc

Okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc kukoleddwa bannasaayansi abakugu 80, ba dikita, abakugu ku mbeera z’abantu, ate nabakugu mu nkolagana n’abantu okuva ku bitongole ebikoledde wamu 15. Abantu bano bonna balina obukugu n’obumanyirivu ku kawuka ka Siriimu n’enddwadde edala ezisiigibwa. Era baliba obumanyirivu mu kuddukanya okunoonyereza kw’okugezesa eddagala n’addala eryo ery’okugema akawuka ka Siliimu, enkola ya PrEP mu Bulaya n’emunsi za Afirika esisangibwa wansi w’eungu Sahara. Ebitongole n’essetendekero ezikoledde ewamu mu kunoonyera kuno bye bino wammanga:   

• Medical Research Council / Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Uganda

• Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Tanzania

• National Institute for Medical Research - Mbeya Medical Research Centre, Tanzania

• HIV and other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African MRC, South Africa

• Imperial College London, UK

• Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, UK

• Centre Hospitalier Universitaire vaudois, Switzerland

• Karolinska Instituet, Sweden

• Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Germany

• International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI)

• Africa Health Research Institute

• EuroVacc Foundation

• Gilead Sciences, Inc

• Global Solutions for Infectious Diseases

• East Virginia Medical School, CONRAD, USA

• Military HIV Research Program at The Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)

https://www.prepvacc.org/partners

(3) Abawadde obuyambi bw’okukola okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc PrEPVacc funders

Okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc kukoleddwa ebitongole eby’etengeredde nga bikolagana n’ebya gavumenti ebitali bimu. Ebiri wansi w’erinnya European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) byawa obuyambi bwa bukadde 15 obw’ensimbi za Bulaya ate ebitongole ebirala biwadde ensimbi ezisasula emisaala gy’abakozi. Kampuni ya Gilead Sciences, Inc ewaddeyo ebikozesebwa eddagala n’ensimbi. PrEPVacc era kuwagiddwa ebitongole kya USAID ne PEPFAR, USMHRP, SVRI, SAMRC, UKRI Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, Ebitongole by’obwannakyewa Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, SIDA, and Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) nabyo biwanirde okunoonyereza kwa PrEPVacc.

Omutimbagano okusangibwa abawadde obuyambi bw’okuddukanya PrEPVacc gwe: https://www.prepvacc.org/funders